What kind of vegetables can you grow in a greenhouse?
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As was said, you can grow most any vegetables in a greenhouse. However, the most commonly grown are cucumbers, tomatoes, and peppers, and, curiously, lettuce. I would not suggest growing corn; it's wind pollinated.
When you grow the first three, or any other fruiting plants, you will need to "be the bee" for them unless you grow self-pollinating varieties. This can be achieved with tomatoes by as little as just shaking the plant. With cukes, there are male and female flowers. The female flowers have little fruits on them even before they open. You want to get some pollen (yellow dust that comes off on your finger) from the stamen on the male flowers and transfer it to the pistil of the female flowers. With peppers it's similar, but the flowers have both male and female parts in the same flower. Just get some pollen on your fingertip and touch each of the pistils. I grow fine paprika peppers by a window in my house this way. My paprika pepper plants are now 3 years old and look like little trees!
A few varieties of cucumber are parthenocarpic, the blossoms creating seedless fruit without pollination. Pollination for these varieties degrades the quality, so they are usually grown in greenhouses. (wikipedia)
Lettuce is often grown hydroponically in greenhouses. Wikipedia will give you tons of info on this concept.
I've also listed a link to a site that will give you much more information on all sorts of greenhouse growing, including hydroponics, for home gardening, and sells the supplies via mail order.
You can grow all types of veggies in a greenhouse.
Carrots, beets, turnips, and other root crops do well in deep boxes. Tomatoes, peas, cucumbers, and pole beans would need to be in tub-type containers. It all depends on how much space you have to in your greenhouse.
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